Survivor :: Personal Narrative Judaism Papers

Survivor I walk. I wake. I work, when I want to. I create uneven labyrinths of letters, I word. He worded and He created what He called earth, water, and swamp. I sink as I dr induce in that swamp, the same slick color as my patent green boots. I stomp on my existence. My set about called them Nazi boots. He wasnt trying to be provocative thats how boots look to him. Thats how I look at a pile of shoes, a serial number, even a bar of soap. Thats how I look at an Aleph, the first of Hebrew letters, the sound that precedes speech its arms grow unmitigated revealing the swastika tattooed upon my memory. When they teach us what it means to be a Jew, they coat the letters in honey, and coax us to lick it off. A sticky, suffocating sweetness clings to us as we learn to read and later still as we try to escape who we are, but cant. My education is not fix to those books, but to my self, myself as I march up narrow staircases of apartments atop stores atop Brooklyn cellars, number s on my grandmothers arm as she washes the dishes and uses her own thumb as a pincushion. She cant distinguish pain from life. She used to urge my aunts to keep on sewing. Arbeit Macht Frei, she said. Work frees. Iron gates and nipping wire. I stick myself with a safety pin and I bleed. My grandmother chuckles generously at my soft, suburban, spoiled hands. She would get me a Band-Aid but doesnt love where she keeps them. The pressure stops the bleeding, and I get into my fathers car. Go home. Sometimes I cant tell whether persecution is an interruption of liberty, or if freedom is just how oppression looks from the perspective of the oppressor. The massah experiences subjugation as luxury. I scrub my own arms, trying to wash off the stain of white privilege, to find the blackamoor slave underneath. I breathe. I bathe. I believe.Sometimes I wonder what I believe. I wonder if Im that homeless guy that I saw clutching his Bible. Inheriting the earth. Do I truly believe that God re wards the faithful and punishes the blind? Does this anonymous man deserve only 17 cents in a cup, while I have merited my $38,564 a year?

Bounty Scandal Essay -- Case Review

When does a contact sport become a crime? That is the question that every National football League (NFL) yellowish brown has asked themselves in light of the former Saints defensive coordinator (DC) Gregg Williams bounty program. No one person has wrestled with this question more than the NFL commissioner Rodger Goodell. Goodell was faced with an ethical decision that provide avatar his tenure as the NFLs commissioner his decision will become precedence for many commissioners after him. Using the RESOLVEDD strategy of decision-making developed by Raymond Pfeiffer and Ralph Forsberg (2005), this paper will examine the scandal, scrutinize the decisions made, and determine if the NLF commissioner took the correct action for the league.The first step of the RESOLVEDD process, represented by R, is review the case (Pfeiffer & Forsberg, 2005). The NFL began investigating the New Orleans Saints after their Super Bowl win in 2009, when accusations arose that the organization had organ ized a cash endure protrude bonus program for injuring players. The extra payouts are against league rules, prohibiting non-contract bonuses. Additionally, these bonuses did not pay for performance but, specifically cart-offs, concussions, and knock-outs. The sums of these payouts reached up to $50,000 during the 2009 playoffs. Early investigations died out when security personnel interviewed players and coaches they all denied that such a program ever existed (National Football League, 2012). The league at that time could not prove the allegations, but Goodell wanted to ensure that the league understood this type of program would not be tolerated. The league would send out bi-annual letters to all teams, reminding them that out-of-contract bonuses are illegal... ...imes.com/2012/03/22/sports/football/nfl-delivers-harsh-punishment-to-saints-over-bounty-program.html?pagewanted=allCherry, E., Sealey, D., & Mangialardi, L. (1991). Understanding the risks. Journal of Sport Manag ement, 5(2), 198.Kahn, L. (2009). Sports, antitrust enforcement and collective bargaining. Antitrust Bulletin, 54(4), 857-881. Retrieved April 24, 2012, from the EBSCO Host database.National Football League. (2012). Full NFL statement into bounty program run by New Orleans Saints. nola.com. Retrieved May 1, 2012, from www.nola.com/saints/index.ssf/2012/03/full_nfl_statement_into_bounty.htmlORourke, M. (2011). Risk on the field and in the headlines. Risk Management, 58(3), 37. Retrieved April 24, 2012, from the EBSCO Host database.Pfeiffer, R., & Forsberg, R. (2005). ethical motive on the job cases and strategies (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA Thomson/Wadsworth.

The Irish Essay -- essays research papers fc

Ireland has a great history of war, famine, despair, and hardship. Throughout the years the Irish have come from the utmost of lows to the highest of highs. In this paper I will give a history of the Irish people before coming to America, what it was coming here, how they were welcomed to their new home, and how they are faring now. I will also expose many of the stereotypes that the Irish have pinned to them and the reason that they are there.In the early 1800s, the Irish had great success in the spud industry due to the high prices for agricultural products because of the war with England. Soon though, prices began to f any and so did productivity. For that reason, the owners of the farm land turned there plots into grazing areas. There was an step-up problem though, what would happen to the hundreds of other farmers that worked the land? One popular solution for most landlords, as they were called, was to evict all the tenants, whether they were paid up for rent or not. Then t hey would destroy their homes so that they could not return.(No author 1).The now homeless people turned to secret organizations to retaliate against the people that they once depended on to roll in the hay their lives. Some names of these groups were Rightboys, Thrashers, Ribbonmen, and Whitefoots.(No author 1). When these vigilantes were caught, their punishments were severe. Something as simple as stealing a piece of bread could land you a multiple year disapprobation in prison. To add insult to injury, the prisons that these people were sent to was in Australia, many miles away from there homes. It was thought that things for the Irish could not get any worse, alone in 1845 that is just what happened. The potato was a very significant part of the Irish way of life. It is one of the few foods that a person can buy the farm solely on. Many homes lived exclusively on the potato, they could  ... ...e in their new country. Now all we have to do as a society is drop all the f oolish stereotypes that most of us still have and let the Irish be the Irish, Whites be the Whites, the Blacks be the Blacks and so on. Who cares where people come from or what has happened in the past? We are in the here and now, no need to look back on things done long ago. Put the past behind and the future tense in front and I think that America would be better off. Works Cited Connery, Donald. The Irish Simon and Schuster. New York, NY. 1968Kennedy, Robert. The Irish University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles California. 1973Larson, Audrey. History of Ireland www.humboldt1.com2-27-2004McCarthy, Joe. The World program library IrelandTime Incorporated. New York, NY. 1964O Grada, Cormac. Black 47 and BeyondPrinceton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey. 1999No Author. Http//www.humboldt1.com/history/.2-27-2004

History of the Origins of Environmental Ethics Essay -- Ethics Philoso

business relationship of the Origins of Environmental Ethics The inspiration for environmental ethics was the first domain Day in 1970 when environmentalists started press philosophers who were involved with environmental groups to do something about environmental ethics. An intellectual climate had developed in the last few old age of the 1960s in greathearted part because of the publication of two papers in Science Lynn Whites The Historical Roots of our Ecologic Crisis (March 1967) and Garett Hardins The Tragedy of the Commons (December 1968). approximately influential with regard to this course of thinking, however, was an essay in Aldo Leopolds A Sand County Almanac, The Land Ethic, in which Leopold explicitly claimed that the roots of the ecological crisis were philosophical. (Although originally published in 1949, Sand County Almanac became astray available in 1970 in a special Sierra Club/Ballantine edition, which included essays from a second platter, Round River. some academic activity in the 1970s was spent debating the Lynn White thesis and the tragedy of the commons. These debates were primarily historical, theological, and religious, not philosophical. Throughout most of the decade philosophers sat on the sidelines trying to determine what a field called environmental ethics might look like. The first philosophical conference was organized by William Blackstone at the University of tabun in 1972. The proceedings were published as Philosophy and Environmental Crisis in 1974, which included Pete Gunters first paper on the Big Thicket. In 1972 a book called Is It Too Late? A Theology of Ecology, written by John B. Cobb, was published. It was the first single-authored book written by a philosopher, even though the particular focus of the b... ...n environmental phenomenology. On the theoretical level, Taylor and Rolston, despite many disagreements, can be regarded as objective nonanthropocentric essential entertain theorists. Callicott, who follows Aldo Leopold closely, is a subjective nonanthropocentric intrinsic value theorist. Hargrove is considered a decrepit anthropocentric intrinsic value theorist. Sagoff is very close to this position although he doesnt talk about intrinsic value much(prenominal) and takes a Kantian instead than an Aristotlian approach. At the far end is Bryan Norton who thought up weak anthropocentrism but wants to replace intrinsic value with a pragmatic conception of value. The anti-intrinsic value pragmatic movement includes such philosophers as Anthony Weston and Andrew Light, although Ben Minteer has recently indicated that intrinsic value could be included in an environmental pragmatism. History of the Origins of Environmental Ethics Essay -- Ethics PhilosoHistory of the Origins of Environmental Ethics The inspiration for environmental ethics was the first Earth Day in 1970 when environmentalists started urging philosophers who were involved with environmental gro ups to do something about environmental ethics. An intellectual climate had developed in the last few years of the 1960s in large part because of the publication of two papers in Science Lynn Whites The Historical Roots of our Ecologic Crisis (March 1967) and Garett Hardins The Tragedy of the Commons (December 1968). Most influential with regard to this kind of thinking, however, was an essay in Aldo Leopolds A Sand County Almanac, The Land Ethic, in which Leopold explicitly claimed that the roots of the ecological crisis were philosophical. (Although originally published in 1949, Sand County Almanac became widely available in 1970 in a special Sierra Club/Ballantine edition, which included essays from a second book, Round River. Most academic activity in the 1970s was spent debating the Lynn White thesis and the tragedy of the commons. These debates were primarily historical, theological, and religious, not philosophical. Throughout most of the decade philosophers sat on the sideli nes trying to determine what a field called environmental ethics might look like. The first philosophical conference was organized by William Blackstone at the University of Georgia in 1972. The proceedings were published as Philosophy and Environmental Crisis in 1974, which included Pete Gunters first paper on the Big Thicket. In 1972 a book called Is It Too Late? A Theology of Ecology, written by John B. Cobb, was published. It was the first single-authored book written by a philosopher, even though the primary focus of the b... ...n environmental phenomenology. On the theoretical level, Taylor and Rolston, despite many disagreements, can be regarded as objective nonanthropocentric intrinsic value theorists. Callicott, who follows Aldo Leopold closely, is a subjective nonanthropocentric intrinsic value theorist. Hargrove is considered a weak anthropocentric intrinsic value theorist. Sagoff is very close to this position although he doesnt talk about intrinsic value much and takes a Kantian rather than an Aristotlian approach. At the far end is Bryan Norton who thought up weak anthropocentrism but wants to replace intrinsic value with a pragmatic conception of value. The anti-intrinsic value pragmatic movement includes such philosophers as Anthony Weston and Andrew Light, although Ben Minteer has recently indicated that intrinsic value could be included in an environmental pragmatism.

Major Discoveries in Electrical Communication in the 1800’s Essay

The nineteenth century was a very prolific era of discovery in electrical knowledge and technologies that laid the foundation for contemporary electrical communication. During this period of time the foundations of modern electrically based technologies were discovered. The nineteenth century began with a debate between Luigi Galvani, and Alessandro Volta regarding the source of electricity in Galvanis famous frog experiment. These debates lead to the intent of the battery by Volta, and the invention of Voltas. Voltas discoveries would lead the port for Ohms law several years later. However, originally that discovery was made Hans Christian rstead discovered electromagnetism, which was then used by Andr Marie Amper to show that magnetism is electricity. Following the publication of Ohms law, Faraday would publish his findings on inductive reasoning in the 1830s. That same decade the DC generator, and transformer were invented, and followed in the 1840s by the invention of AC ge nerator. Communications technologies advanced at an incredible pace. Smmering would flesh the first multi-line telegraph, and Morse would perfect this into a practical single wire design. The work of Charles Wheatstone in telegraphy and Heinrich Hertz in wave theory, paved the way for modern communications. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. douard Branly would make the contribution of a detector that allowed for the invention of the radio. Guglielmo Marconi and Alexander Stepanovich Popov would develop the first radios. From the invention of the battery to the first intercontinental telegram transmission, the advances in electrical technologies in the 19th century made possible the technological boom of the 20th and twenty-first centuries in comm... ...ambridge University Press on behalf of The British Society for the taradiddle of Science, The British Journal for the History of Science , Vol. 1, No. 1 (Jun., 1962), pp. 31-48, Online Available http//www.jst or.org/stable/40250739Joost Mertens, Shocks and Sparks The galvanic Pile as a Demonstration Device, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society, Isis Vol. 89, No. 2 (Jun., 1998), pp. 304 Online Availablehttp//www.jstor.org/stable/237757.10Herbert W. Meyer, A History of Electricity and Magnetism, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1971, pp. 39, 73, 100, 201.11Richard Wolfson, University Physics Second Edition, Pearson, 2012, pp. 453, 454.12Dan M. Worrall, David Edward Hughes Concertinist and Inventor, Papers of the International Concertina Association, Allan Atlas, ed., vol. 4. 2007, pp. 4.

Major Discoveries in Electrical Communication in the 1800’s Essay

The nineteenth century was a very prolific era of discovery in electrical experience and technologies that laid the foundation for modern electrical communication. During this period of time the foundations of modern electrically based technologies were discovered. The nineteenth century began with a debate between Luigi Galvani, and Alessandro Volta regarding the reference work of electricity in Galvanis famous frog experiment. These debates lead to the invention of the battery by Volta, and the invention of Voltas. Voltas discoveries would lead the way for Ohms virtue several years later. However, before that discovery was made Hans Christian rstead discovered electromagnetism, which was then used by Andr Marie Amper to show that magnetism is electricity. Following the publication of Ohms law, Faraday would publish his findings on induction in the 1830s. That same decade the DC generator, and transformer were invented, and followed in the 1840s by the invention of AC generator. Communications technologies advanced at an incredible pace. Smmering would design the first multi-line telegraph, and Morse would perfect this into a practical single wire design. The work of Charles Wheatstone in telegraphy and Heinrich Hertz in wave theory, paved the way for modern communications. black lovage Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. douard Branly would make the contribution of a detector that allowed for the invention of the radio. Guglielmo Marconi and Alexander Stepanovich Popov would develop the first radios. From the invention of the battery to the first intercontinental telegram transmission, the advances in electrical technologies in the 19th century made possible the technological boom of the 20th and 21st centuries in comm... ...ambridge University Press on behalf of The British Society for the History of Science, The British Journal for the History of Science , Vol. 1, No. 1 (Jun., 1962), pp. 31-48, Online ready(prenominal) http//www.jstor.org /stable/40250739Joost Mertens, Shocks and Sparks The Voltaic Pile as a Demonstration Device, The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society, Isis Vol. 89, No. 2 (Jun., 1998), pp. 304 Online Availablehttp//www.jstor.org/stable/237757.10Herbert W. Meyer, A History of Electricity and Magnetism, The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1971, pp. 39, 73, 100, 201.11Richard Wolfson, University Physics Second Edition, Pearson, 2012, pp. 453, 454.12Dan M. Worrall, David Edward Hughes Concertinist and Inventor, Papers of the International Concertina Association, Allan Atlas, ed., vol. 4. 2007, pp. 4.

Phonology and English Classes

The teacher formed a group of the pupils to prepare us in advance for studying English in the fifth form. At that time, I was amazed with it. It was something totally new for me and I felt very proud of being able to say some sentences like Whats your name? and to answer this question like My name is Angela. I felt I was not a little girl anymore, since I could understand a foreign talking to. Besides, I dont know very well why, but English had mom kind of attractive power over me and I never got tire during the English classes.At present Im in my second year at university. I have English classes now as well. The periods pass quite interestingly. The instructor gives us different tasks. Once we derived various words by adding prefixes or suffixes. The point was to do It as fast as possible. We also revise grammar by doing tests, require texts, tell dialogues and take part in the conference. Surely, I dont know the language perfectly. My weakest point is audition. It is difficult for me to know by ear what people say as they sometimes speak with fast or with pronounced accent.My another weak point Is my laziness to learn new words but I testify to fight it. However I have some merits. For example, I know grammar and endeavourer to speak correctly and observe Intonation. My studies are connected not only with astute Integrals but with writing programmed and reading different scientific articles in English, thats why I must enlarge my vocabulary further to read books easily. To master the language fluently is what I want In the future.

Consumer Buying Behavior Essay

Toilet whips argon part of the growing tribe of cleansing and beautifying products lendable across the country. There are scores of filths and an even greater follow of variants making for a bewildering range. The Indian mart has over 1 snow meg people keep in more than 4500 towns and cities and in excess of 580,000 villages. Products must cut through several value points and fragrances to satisfy everyone. Toilet soaps are marketed through 5 million retail stores of which 3.75 million are in rural areas, the penetration rate of the butt soap is some 97 pct in urban areas and 89 partage in rural areas. But, the per capita consumption of toilet / bathing soap in India is very low at 800g whereas it is 6.5kg in the US, 4 kg in China and 2.5 kg in Indonesia.The market size of the Indian soap industry is around Rs.7129 crores. It can be classified into four categories namely premium, popular, providence and carbolic soaps. The Premium1 category accepts Dove, Mysore Sanda l, Pears and some international mails. Brands in the Popular category include Cinthol, Santoor, Rexona etc. Likewise, Fairglow, Godrej No. 1 etc. come under economy crosss. Carbolic stags include Lifebuoy and Nima bath soap. Over the years, the popular segment has witnessed rapid growth and has been the category driver. Consumers shift from the premium segment as and when they see amend value in the popular category. At the uniform time, consumers upgrade from the economy segment repayable to join ond in tune with the increasing disposable incomes in both urban and rural areas. As a result, the industry has witnessed a fifteen per centum growth in premium brands.The market is flooded with several, leading national and spherical brands and a large number of small brands, which postulate limited markets. Competition amongst the MNCs has intensified, leading to shrinkage of margins. The leading players in this market are HUL (Dove, Pears, Lux, Lifebuoy, Breeze), Nirma (Nima) , Godrej Soaps (Cinthol, FairGlow, Shikakai, Nihar), Wipro (Santoor), and Reckitt and Benckiser (Dettol). The rest of the market is highly fragmented, with companies having strong presence in select segments or regions. In the toilet soap industry, positioning of the product is very important to attract the customers. palingenesis of LiteratureTo prepare an in depth understanding of Indian consumer, and to analyze the factors influencing his bribe decisions, one has to conduct studies in relation to his environment, his demographic factors, culture, and train of exposure. In this backdrop, some important studies conducted in the areas of consumer behavior and perception in relation to non durable goods and FMCG in India are briefly reviewed. It is seen that positive attitude of consumer towards advertising of a grumpy brand is very useful in buy that brand (Dr Dharam Sukh Dahiya, 1996). Consumers perceive that the information received from WOM sources is reliable and advantag eous in making the purchase decisions (Prashant Mishra et al, 1996). At the alike time, Indian middle class consumers are willing to pay a premium for better feature products rather than getting at rest with generic products with inferior quality (Srinivas Shirur, 1999).They tend to define themselves as well as compare with early(a)s in ground of symbolic value of their possessions (Shekhar Trivedi et al, 2000). People belong to different lifestyles have a bun in the oven different interests in shopping (D.P.S. Verma et al, 2000). There is a impairment threshold at which consumers make decisions to stockpile the products for the future (Arindam Banarjee et al, 2001). At the same time, gender of the celebrity significantly mildews consumer perception about the product irrespective of consumers gender (Prashant Mishra et al, 2001). Similarly, they develop risk reduction strategies to help them act with greater faith in making product purchase decisions (Debashis Bhattachary a et al, 2002).In the FMCG sector, the major influencing factors in making a purchase decision were quality (D. P. S. Verma et al, 2003), price and approachability of products (Dr. Sarwade W. K. 2002), followed by their economic value and attractive packaging (Kuldeep Singh et al, 2003). Rising family income takes permit buyers to exercise more choice in selection of FMCG from the cost perception (Prof. S. A. Telang et al, 2003). However, age and other demographic variables withal have their effect on behavioral and cognitive patterns of the consumer (D. P. S. Verma et al, 2003). Urban consumers prefer branded products (P. Antony George, 2007). Brand awareness and brand usage are highly correlated (Dr. A. Vinayaga Moorthy, 2007).Need and Importance of the guideThe toilet soaps market is littered over with several, leading national and global brands and a large number of small and local brands. Toilet soaps, despite their divergent brands, are not well differentiated by the cons umers. This results in fragmented market and obviously leads to a highly competitive market. In toilet soap market, strong brand equity and a wide distribution network are vital in attracting customers. Brand equities are built over a period of time by technological innovations, consistent high quality, aggressive advertisement and marketing.Availability of the products is another(prenominal) crucial success factor, as products are of small value, frequently purchased daily use items. So, there is always a chance of brand sack due to impulse buying. A deep insight of consumer brand trueness and gladness can help marketers retain the existing customers and entice cutting ones. In this backdrop, this issue is undertaken to dissect the consumers brand awareness, loyalty, and satisfaction towards toilet soaps. The factors influencing brand selection and brand switching are also treasureed.Objectives of the StudyThe main objective of the paper is to examine the consumers buying ha bits and brand loyalty towards toilet soap products. The following are the specific objectives of the get.* To delineate the product attributes that influence the purchasing process* To assess the brand loyalty of consumers with respect to unhomogeneous levels of price increase* To examine the brand switching behavior of respondents* To evaluate the satisfaction level of consumers with regard to their evidence toilet soap brand* To assess the market share of different toilet soap brands in the market segment taken up for investigation* To qualifying suggestions to FMCG companiesScope and Limitations of the StudyThe present study intends to examine the customer satisfaction and perception towards toilet soap and the influence of product attributes on brand preferences and brand loyalty. It also covers customers brand loyalty at different levels of price increase/decrease from the present price. The study has the following limitations* The study is made by taking each attribute as independent of other attributes, hence their interdependence, if any is ignored.* As the study is conducted in only Warangal City of A. P., the findings and suggestions of this empirical study whitethorn not be representative of the universe.* There whitethorn be a chance of individuals experience dominating the interpretation of the data.* Some discrepancies may have occurred due to random sample method used.* Respondents may not have given their exact views or hidden some information deliberately.methodological analysisThe study is conducted with the help of primary data dispassionate from 200 respondents consumers drawn at random in Warangal District (A.P.) The relevant data are collected from the respondents from different demographic and income groups. Appropriate statistical tools such as averages, weighted averages etc. are used in data analysis. For proveing the hypotheses, Chi- square test is administered at 5 portion level of significance in order to validate the res ults of the investigation.Sample ProfileSample profile refers to the demographic characteristics of the respondent consumers cover in the analysis. Demographic factors like age, cultivation, occupation, income, family size have a direct influence on the product/ brand choice. To ascertain the views of both male and female person consumers, almost represent numbers of respondents are selected for the study. On the basis of age, the respondents are classified into five categories viz. below 20 years, 21-30 years, 31-40 years, 41-50 years, and to a higher place 50 years. most 39 percent respondents are in the age group of 21-30 years. Another 27 percent are in the age group of 31-40 years. Around 16 percent are in the age group of 41-50 years, followed by above 50 years (13 percent), and below 20 years (5 percent).It is observed that mass of respondents comprising 73 percent are either graduates or post graduates. The remaining 27 percent have below graduation educational backgrou nd. It is also observed that insular employees comprise 38 percent of sample followed by housewives (25 percent), and government employees (18 percent). The remaining are students, businessmen and professionals. It is found that 43 percent respondents are in the middle income group (Rs. 10,001 to 20,000/pm). At the same time, 31 percent belong to low income group (Below Rs. 10,000/ pm).The remaining 26 percent belong to high income category (above Rs. 20,000/pm). It is seen that around 63 percent respondents have 3-4 members in their families. Around 26 percent have more than 4 three members. Another 11 percent have two or little members. It is observed that 62 percent respondents spend below Rs 100/per calendar month on toilet soaps. The remaining 38 percent respondents spend above Rs 100/- per month. This gives occupation wise, income wise, and lifecycle wise distribution of sample consumers of toilet soaps.Data AnalysisThe behavior of urban respondents towards toilet soaps in hurt of influencing factors, buying habits, and brand loyalty is analyzed. For this purpose, a structured questionnaire of five point scale reflecting the attitudes of the sample respondents is used in the investigation. Data collected from the respondents is tabulated, analysed, interpreted and presented in two sections viz. contribution A Buying Habits, Section B Brand Loyalty.SectionA Buying HabitsBuying habits are analysed in terms of five interrelated variables viz. a. Buying Motives, b. Choice of Retail Store, c. Brand Specification, d. Frequency of Purchase, e. Average Expenditure and consumption.a. Impact of Buying Motives on Purchase ending Making processCompanies advertise their product as a bundle of some attributes. And, customers see the product as a bundle of benefits. They try to assess the benefit of each attribute and assign a level of importance and build perception about the total product. Then, they take the purchase decision. In this backdrop, the study propos es to assess the consumers perception on each attribute and importance given to it. In this context, respondents are asked to rank various product attributes in terms of their influence on buying decision.The product attributes such as unique ingredients, impact on skin and complexion, brand name, protection from heat and cold, price, company name, retailers advice, advertising, brand ambassador, availability, fragrance, doctors advice, TFM of the soap, freshness, protection from pimples etc are identified. The rankings are presented in Table No. 1.It is seen that unique ingredients of a particular soap has been ranked the commencement major influencing attribute in the purchase process. Impact on skin and complexion and brand name are ranked second and third singly followed by price and freshness.b. Choice of Retail StoreConsumers consider many factors in selecting a particular store to purchase the products. These factors may include availability of a particular brand, availabil ity of information, familiarity and knowledge about the store, proximity of the store, time pressure, store specific promotions, social status etc. By choosing a particular type of store, consumers may get either utilitarian value (obtaining a required product with the least effort) or hedonistic value (the fun and amusement associated with the buying process). In this context, respondents are asked to name their preferred outlet. legal age of the respondents comprising 40 percent purchased from super bazaars/ organized retail outlets. Another 32 percent bought from wholesale kirana shops. The remaining opted for nearby shops.c. Brand SpecificationIt is observed that Santoor is the most popular brand with 31 percent users, followed by Cinthol with 11 percent users. Approximately 10 percent each are victimization Mysore Sandal and Pears. Lux is used by 9 percent respondents, while Medimix is used by 7 percent. Dove and Vivel identify for 6 percent respondents each. The remaining brands are used by a few respondents.d. Frequency of PurchaseFrequency of purchase can be outlined as the number of times a consumer purchases during a particular period. It depends on the volume of purchase, economic status, life style, promotion schemes etc. In this study, it is observed that majority of respondents comprising around 45 percent purchase once in a month. Another 33 percent purchase whenever they required the product. Around 15 percent purchased once in a fortnight. The remaining 7 percent purchased weekly once.e. Average Expenditure and Consumption of Toilet SoapsA question was asked with the respondents to know about the average expenditure on toilet soaps and number soaps used in a month. It is observed that 62 percent respondents spend below Rs. 100/- per month on toilet soaps. The remaining 38 percent respondents spend above Rs. 100/- per month. Majority of the respondents have been using around six toilet soaps per month.SectionB Brand LoyaltyBrand loyalty is analysed in terms of seven interrelated variables viz., a. Brand Awareness, b. Brand Image, c. Price Sensitivity, d. Non-availability of Preferred Brand, e. Usage stopover of Present Brand, f. Reasons for Brand Switching, g. Brand Performance.a. Brand AwarenessBrand knowledge is based on brand awareness and brand image. Brand awareness is delimitate as Consumers recognition of existence and availability of a brand. A consumers brand awareness generally depends on his socio-economic background especially on education and income level. Creating brand awareness is an important tool in promoting brands with little differentiation such as toilet soaps. It can play a major social function in purchasing decisions. The products with highest brand awareness will usually get more sales. In the urban market segment, it is interesting to note that, higher the level of education level, greater is the brand awareness. About 73 percent of respondent consumers are above graduation.Within this 7 3 percent, around 32 percent are from professional courses. These 73 percent respondents are aware of more than 7 brands. Majority of them could recall the brand ambassador and cowman line of the brands also. The remaining 27 percent of the respondent consumers are with below graduation level of education. Out of which, around 8 percent of the respondent consumers are below the tenth class. These 27 percent of respondent consumers are aware of only 3-5 brands. Majority of them, either they could not recall or are indifferent of brand ambassador and punch line.b. Brand ImageBrand image is defined as consumers perception of a brand as reflected by the brand associations held in his memory. The strength, favorability and uniqueness of associations help build a superior brand image. A favorable brand image is useful in creating strong brand equity. In this regard, a question was asked with respondents to compare their present brand with other competing brands. Majority of the responden ts comprising 64 percent felt that their brand as the best one. Around 25 percent said it gives good value for money. The remaining 11 percent felt it as almost similar with other brands. At the same time, most of the respondents perceived their preferred brand as the market leader in its category.c. Price SensitivityPrice of a product has been a major determinant of a buyers choice. Although non price factors have assumed importance of late, price still remains a dominant factor influencing sales of a product. mutant of prices will have an impact on continuity of the same brand, i.e. brand loyalty. In this context, it is proposed to analyse the impact of price changes on brand loyalty income wise. The respondents reactions to 10 percent, 20 percent, and 40 percent increase in the price of present soap brand are categorized according to their income levels viz. Low Income, position Income and High Income. It is seen that at 10 percent price increase, majority of the respondents ac ross all income levels opted for continuing with the same level of consumption. From among the remaining respondents, many decided to bowdlerise consumption. A few respondents wanted to shift to other brands.Similarly, at 20 percent price increase, 35 percent (Low Income), 35 percent (Middle Income), and 67 percent (High Income) respondents opted for continuing with the same level of consumption. Around 34 percent respondents from low income category chose to reduce their consumption. The corresponding figures for middle income and high income groups are 23 percent and 13 percent respectively. Another 13 percent (Low Income), 30 percent (Middle Income), 10 percent (High Income) respondents decided to shift to other brands, while the remaining preferred to search for other alternatives.At the same time, at 40 percent price increase, 10 percent (Low Income), 23 percent (Middle Income), and 54 percent (High Income) respondents chose to compensate with the same level of consumption. A nother 1 6 percent (Low Income), 7 percent (Middle Income) and 15 percent (High Income) wanted to reduce their consumption. Further, around 55 percent (Low Income), 51 percent (Middle Income), and 19 percent (High Income) respondents desired to change their brands. The remaining respondents wanted to search for other alternatives. Further, based on the same data, Chi-square test is conducted to identify differences, if any, among the respondents belonging to different income groups in terms of price sensitivity and brand loyalty at various levels of increase in the price of present soap brand. Calculated values are presented in Table II.It is observed from the above table that at 10 percent price increase, the calculated value of chi-square is less than the table value. Hence, it can be concluded that there are no significant differences among the respondents belonging to different income groups at 10 percent price increase of the present toilet soap brand. But, when the price is in creased to 20 percent or 40 percent above the current price, respondents belonging to different income groups exhibited all told different behavior.d. Non-availability of Preferred BrandStore loyalty is regarded as the patronage of customers to a particular outlet.. It is based on the consumers positive attitude towards the store. Store loyalty is influenced by the availability of products and brands at the store and the process involved in customers acquiring them. Brand loyalty is also a major factor in shaping the customers opinions towards a particular store.When a preferred brand is not available in a particular store, consumers will have two options purchasing the same brand in another shop i.e. displaying more brand loyalty than store loyalty, or purchasing another brand in the same shop i.e. exhibiting more store loyalty. In the present study it is seen that 78 percent respondents preferred to purchase the same brand from another shop. The remaining 22 percent purchased oth er brands available in the same shop.e. Usage Period of Present BrandBrand loyalty also results in using the same brand unfalteringly over a period of time. It is seen that 51 percent respondents have been using the same brand for above 4 years followed by 21 percent for below 1 year. Around 17 percent have been using it for 1-2 years, and the remaining 11 percent for 2-4 years.f. Reasons for Brand SwitchingConsumers satisfaction and brand loyalty can be measured by buyers repeat purchase rate over the time. However, sometimes consumers change their regular brands and patronize new brands due to various reasons. In this context, it is proposed to investigate the effect of product attributes, promotion schemes, reference groups influence, impact of pricing and advertising on the switching intentions of consumers. For this purpose, respondents are asked to identify the most important reason that for brand switching from earlier brand to present one. It is observed that 54 percent res pondents cited better quality of new brand as a major reason for brand switching. Another 13 percent wanted to check the new brand. The relative cheaper price of new brand enticed 10 percent to use the new brand.g. Brand PerformanceCustomer satisfaction is a positive psychological tendency which the customer gets when he is able to meet the perceived need and expectation with the product he experiences. It is a part of customers experience. This satisfaction is related to various aspects such as cost, quality, performance and efficiency of the product. Even if the products are identical in competing markets, satisfaction provides high retention rates. Higher the satisfaction level, higher is the schmaltzy attachment of customers with the specific brand of product. In this backdrop, the study intends to measure the satisfaction level of consumers towards their present soap brands.For this purpose, Respondent consumers are asked to rate the performance of their present brand of toile t soap along some parameters such as price, packaging, durability, color, fragrance, freshness, quality, convenience of usage etc. The responses are classified into three categories namely excellent, above average, and average. It is observed that, respondents are fully fulfill with only premium soaps namely Dove and Pears as they are rated above average or excellent. Cinthol, Mysore Sandal and Superia came next with majority of users rating them excellent or above average, while the remaining rating them average. The remaining brands are rated just average by the respondents.FindingsThe following are the findings that have emerged from the study.* While making a brand choice decision, respondents gave more importance to unique ingredients of a soap followed by impact on skin and price.* Majority of the respondents purchased toilet soaps from super bazaars/ organized retail outlets followed by wholesale kirana shops.* Santoor is the most preferred brand used by both men and women w hich comes in the popular category. Cinthol, Mysore Sandal and Pears are the next preferred brands.* It is concluded that that majority of respondents purchased on monthly basis. Another 33 percent purchased when they required the product.* Many respondents are spending Rs 51- 100/- per month on toilet soaps, while a few are spending more.* More than half of the respondents only knew 5-10 brands of toilet soaps. From the remaining ones, approximately equal number of respondents knew less than five and more than ten brands. The education level of the consumers has a positive bearing on the brand awareness.* Most of the consumers have a very positive image and perception about their present brand. They felt that it is the best one and market leader in its category.* In response to a 10 percent price increase of current soap brand, all the respondents across different income groups behaved similarly. Most of them are willing to strain with same level of consumption. The respondents ar e not bothered with a marginal increase in the price as long as it satisfies their needs. But, when the price is increased to 20 percent or 40 percent above the current price, substantial differences are seen in the behavior of respondents belonging to different areas income groups. The high income group wanted to continue with same level of consumption. The low and middle income groups chose to either reduce consumption or to change the brand.* It is observed that most of the respondents preferred to purchase the same brand from another shop, when it is not available in a particular store. This shows a strong brand loyalty among the respondents.* Most of the respondents have been using the same brand for a longer period of time (more than 5 years) which shows a strong brand loyalty among them.* The reasons cited by respondents for brand switching are mainly better quality and cheaper price of new brand and inferior performance of old brand. Surprisingly, very few respondents are at tracted by advertisements of new brands.* Respondents are just satisfied with their present soap as majority of them rated it only average or above average. A few rated it excellent.ConclusionSignificant differences were observed among different income groups, especially, when the price of the present brand increases substantially. This can be attributed to the different lifestyles adopted by different income groups. Surprisingly respondents gave least importance to advertisements of toilet soaps. Quality and price of new brands motivated them to brand switching. This has to be carefully studied by the marketers. Another area of concern is that many rated their present soaps as just satisfying although they have been using the same brand for a longer period.In this perspective, FMCG companies need to reformulate their strategies to delight the customers. At the same time, as most of the respondents have been using the same brand for a longer period of time, new entrants have to devi se suitable plans to attract the customers of existing brands. Deeper penetration in urban areas also holds the key to unlocking growth potentials especially in the Premium Segment. Thus, product innovation, smart merchandising and distribution will be of key importance for FMCG products to become leaders in the industry.ReferencesAntony George P., An Empirical Model for Analyzing Consumer Attitude/Perception on Branding, Brand Loyalty, and Brand equity, Indian daybook of Commerce, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp 39-57, 2007.D. P. S. Verma and Surendar Munjal, Brand Loyalty Correlates Study of FMCG, Abhigyan, Vol. XXI, No. 2, pp 25-31, 2003.D.P.S. Verma and Savita Hanspal, Influence of Lifestyles on Consumers Buying Behavior, Paradigm, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp 52-65, 2000.Debashis Bhattacharya and Sanjay Gopal Sarkar, Perceived Risk and Information Seeking behavior, Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol. XXXII, No. 5-6, pp 3-7, 2002.Dr Dharam Sukh Dahiya, Psychographic Aspects of advertisingAn Attitudina l Study of Consumers, Indian Journal of Commerce, Vol. XLIX No 189 Part IV, pp 101-106, 1996.Dr. A. Vinayaga Moorthy, An Empirical Study on Shampoo Consumption, IndianJournal of Marketing, Jan 2007, pp 36-38, 2007.Dr. Sarwade W. K., Emerging Dimensions of Buyer Behaviour in Rural Area, Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol. XXXIII, No. 1-2, pp 13-21, 2002.Kuldeep Singh and Dr. S. C. Varshney, Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Trends of Toilet Soaps in Ghaziabad DistrictA Survey, Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol. XXXIII, No. 2, pp 14-17, 2003.Prashant Mishra, Upindar Dhar, and Saifuddin Rastiwala, Celebrity Endorser and Adolescents A Study of Gender Influences, Vikalpa, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp 59-66, 2001.Prashant Mishra, Vasant G. Kondalkar and Ankhit Singh, Seeking Word Of Mouth An Empirical Investigation of Consumer Motivation, Paradigm, Vol. 3, No 2, pp 49-56, 1996.Prof. S. A. Telang and S. S. Kaptan, Attitudes of Women toward Detergents, Indian Journal of Marketing, Vol. XXXIII, No. 2, pp 24-26, 2003.Shekhar Trivedi, Sudershan Pandiya, and Suneel Gupta, ProductIts Association with the Personality, Paradigm, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp 40-51, 2000.Srinivas Shirur, Marketing Strategies of Family Business in FMCG Sector, Paradigm, Vol. 3, No 1, pp 32-34, 1999.M. S. SarmaProfessor, Department of Commerce and. Business Management, Kakatiya University, Warangal.V. genus Rana PratapLecturer, Department of Business Management, Lal Bahadur College, Warangal.

Corporate Social Responsibility in Automotive Industry

TEAM 1 COMPANY Aziz Ford Motors Manyano Daimler Mag whollyy Toyota Anvesh Tata Motors Executive Summary Automotive pains is integrity of the biggest economic sectors in the world and the continue they have to the communities in their best perpetrates has a huge advantage promoting corporate social responsibility. We looked and discussed various issues of CSR in the report not limited but including Investing in the Future, Technology Drives Change Electric cars, Materials and Workforce Implications. Global Automotive IndustryThe global machinemotive effort involves the manufacture and sales of automobiles and other retail activities, such as gas-station retail and the sale of car parts. The industrys p.a. growth rate is evaluate to exceed 5. 5% from 2010 to 2015, reaching a value of more than $5,132 billion by 2015, check to research from MarketLine. The industry is a leading employer throughout the world, with 9 million people involved in making 60 million vehicles, or 5% o f global manufacturing jobs. Indirect employment from automotive activity is fivefold, representing 50 million jobs connected indirectly to the auto industry.Regional Market Share * US vehicles sales and production account for around 40% of the global automotive industry, consort to Global Automakers, whose members have contributed close to $45 billion to US automotive activity. The investment represents 300 facilities and employment for around 80,000 people with a combined yearly payroll of $6 billion. Leading US manufacturers include Ford, General Motors and Chrysler Group. * The European automotive market is led by production in Germany, Italy and France. In the EU, the industry employs 2. million people directly and almost another 10. 5 million indirectly, according to the European Automobile Manufacturers Association. The region produces more than 17 million vehicles a year, representing a quarter of overall global production. * Overall, Japanese market share fell around 4% ye ar-on-years to just under 35% in terrible 2011. Japan holds around a 45% share in both the compact car and compact crossover markets, and 48% in the mid-size car market, according to a Kelly Blue Book report AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY CSR ISSUESHuman Rights * Commitment to HR and the UNGC, respect human rights delineated in the International commove of Human Rights * Ensuring that HR and WC are met throughout the supply image * Vehicles have to meet high quality and asylum standards before being available for the mankind * Companies have to be committed to educational and health programs and work close with governments and NGOs in this direction Labor Standards * Rejection of forced motor and minor labor * Rejection of discrimination in employment and occupation * Low-Cost Labor and bad working conditions in developing countries * The manufacturing of vehicles is concentrated in developing countries repayable to the cheap labor and un acquisitioned workers * Respecting the freedom of associations and unions * The companies should consider the flexibility and stability of employees job security when they shift from well-trained, high-skilled work force to low skill and wages job Environment * Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHS) * Developing travel vehicle technologies * Hybrid vehicles and advanced diesel * Reducing the environmental impact of the plants * Reducing the impact of waste by recycling the products * Commitment to decrease global water use * Providing road safety in developing countries * The aim of these projects is reducing car accidents * Trainings aimed at increasing usage of seat belt and helmet * Ensuring that Green Supply Chain Management incorporating ecological aspects into the whole value chain Anti-Corruption * Expanding of automotive industry in BRIC countries, as well as Indonesia, Mexico and other developing countries * Auto companies may be vulnerable to bribery demands by bespoke clearance, government officials and third part y agents * Transparency * Introducing mandatory online training courses for employees with focus on ethics, conflicts of interests, gifts and favorsCOMPANY RANKINGS BY CSR ISSUES(10 is the highest rank) FORD DAIMLER TATA TOYOTA Human Rights * Commitment to the UNGS * Product safety * Educational and health programs 8 10 3 5 Labour Standards * Low-cost labor and bad working conditions * Respecting the freedom of carry on unions * Rejection of forced labor 8 9 2 7 Environment * Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHS) * Reducing the impact of waste by recycling * Developing advanced vehicle technologies 6 8 3 7 Anti-Corruption * Transparency * Vulnerability to bribery demands by custom clearance * Providing training on ethics and gifts 7 6 2 6 TOTAL 29 33 10 25 Rankings explanation TOYOTA Toyota deserves a medium rank within their labor in Human Rights for two main reasons. First, two years ago Toyota had a big issue with product safety.Consumers complained about situation but Toyota did not recognize responsibilities. After investigations were done, Toyota understood the big mistaken they have made and finally apologize to its consumers. Second, Toyota as s group has not signed the 10 principles of the UNGC. peculiarly in China, Toyota has not respected workers in different factories. At the same time, there has been different complains in regards to the lack of respect towards labor unions. As mentioned previously, Toyota is one of the leaders for the development of friendly environmental innovative technology TATA Tata in general has poor performance regarding CSR issues discussed. There are many problems in all areas.Though environment sustainability drive is in the core business plan of Tata motors and CSR is incorporated in their article and memorandum, it is strongly recommended that monthly reports to be shared with public and excessively the ways how they measure GHG and other gases emission and what steps they are taking in future to reduce water a nd air pollution. Finally though Tata is absolute company in her act and its a visionary company, but in few instances employees of Tata found involved in some unethical trade practices just to get benefit out of it, i. e. in singur land acquisition case it is claimed that Tata motors are involved in bribery to west Bengal government machinery. to a fault in big government tenders or military purchases Tata motors involved in bribery to get that order. Tata is signatory to UNGC but there is no means to overtop and check anti-corruption reputation of Tata. DAIMLER Daimler gets a high ranking in human rights and CSR pillars implementation.Promote Daimlers sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR) agenda in every rural they have operations is by serving as liaison to UN Global Compact organize Daimlers annual Sustainability Dialogue to increase visibility as a leader in CSR and exchange ideas on innovation and environmental stewardship, strategies for community engage ment, and CSR in the supply chain.? Support EAPP sponsorships and events by ensuring compliance with corporate regulations, i. e. potation sponsorship agreements, oversee communications initiatives, monitor progress, and ensure contract provisions have been carried out as agreed upon Daimler, the owner of Mercedes-Benz, admitted to paying tens of millions of dollars of bribes to foreign government officials in at least 22 countries. The company said it had now reformed the way it did business. FORD Low ranking on environment and high ranking on human rights.Working with industry companies, governments to establish effective frameworks for reducing GHG emissions In Europe since 1995, Ford has reduced CO2 emissions from passenger cars by 31 percent Ford-Firestone issue happened in 2000 when Firestone recalled 6. 5 million tires, mostly original equipment on Ford Explorer, the worlds top-selling sport utility vehicle. The lack of safety in supply chain a report by the Institute for Global Labor and Human Rights said that a 21-year-old worker lost three fingers in a stamping machine at one of Fords suppliers in China and was inadequately compensated. Ford continues making and marketing its SUV line vehicles which are fuel-thirsty. induction Investing in the Future Automakers have announced billions in green investment in the US, Europe and BRICs industries.But despite that huge investment a restrict in sales management appears to concerned management hence the slow charge per unit of green about the rebounds permanence. Technology Drives Change The pace of vehicle technology change is accelerating. Vehicles are changing in response to consumer taste and expectations, higher safety standards, and the drive toward a low-carbon future. Greening of automotive conveying should focus the three sectors Hybrid and electric cars, materials and electronics. Electric cars The most noteworthy change is the re-emergence of the electric vehicle. The development of altern ative forms of energy storage (primarily batteries) is rapidly progressing as is the case with the new Mercedes Benz E-class electric car.Materials The focus on green supply chain management will make vehicles lighter for improved fuel saving is a major driver in the development of automotive materials and forming. Workforce Implications Todays auto industry workers need systems thinking. That means that individuals must experience the soft skills that enable cross-cultural communication, collaboration and teamwork. Production and skilled-trades workers must adapt to an increasingly fast cadence of new product, process and technology introductions. Many of the workers displaced? from the auto sector will? need to transition to alternate occupations and we recommended that companies be flexible and provide stability to this issue particularly where there is a high practice of contract workers. Bibliography

Analysis of Variance Essay

How would you explain the analysis of variance, assuming that your audience has not had a statistics class before? When whiz does a airfield of data, generally this implies an evaluation of the mean or average of that data. .i.e. What is the average time it takes a 5th grader to complete his final math exam?A t test is used to test differences between two marrow. i.e. the mean of the experiment group vs a control group. An ANOVA test, on the other hand, is indicated when there atomic number 18 three or much means or populations to be examined.When only two samples are looked at, the t test and ANOVA test will bow the same results.Beyond two examples, the t test can be used to evaluate other means using many t tests, that this method becomes unreliable and subject to increased illusion.ANOVA or analysis of variance allows wholeness to use statistics to test the differences between two or more means and decreases the probability for a type 1 error, which might occur when looki ng at multiple two-sample t tests. This is why use of the ANOVA is indicated for exam hypotheses where there are multiple means or populations.ANOVAs essentially takes the t test and applies it when testing or comparing three or more groups, means or variables.Example experimentStudy antithetical types of protein consumption on weight induce. Is the effect of each type of protein consumption on weight gain significantly similar or diametric?50 men total, 10 men per group, each group fed equal heart of protein calories but from different type of protein classification.One way ANOVA looking at effect of 5 different feeding strategies to increase weight gain. (i.e. high natural exit meat protein diet, high vegetable protein diet, high protein powder diet, high fish protein diet, etc.). This is a one way ANOVA study because there is only one category (protein) that will be examined, as it relates to its effect on weight gain. It is balanced as there are an equal number of men (10 ) devour the same type of protein. Simplistically put, the study will give us information as to whether or not each type of protein produces similar or different results (weight gain).Two way ANOVA, as the name implies, includes the addition of a second variable that may be looked at as affecting weight gain. i.e. amount of exercise.Three way ANOVA, as the name implies, includes the addition of a third variable. i.e. consumption of other calories.In the end, the experiment may lead one to close that different types of protein consumption leads to weight gain. Unfortunately, experiments are never that cut and dry, and there are always other variables that must be accounted for. There is whats called error due to chance and beyond human control or variation associated with assignable causes.An F test must be used to compare these errors and/or variations, to determine if the population variances are the same or different. If the variances are the same or equal, the F ratio will be 1 . This will allow one to complete their study / experiment and make final conclusions.Referenceshttps//explorable.com/anovahttp//onlinestatbook.com/2/analysis_of_variance/intro.htmlhttps//people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/ch13-f.html

Study Into Respiratory Infection Reduction Health And Social Care Essay

Summary OF THE STUDYThe chief purpose of the field of study was to streak whether there was a decrease in the label and symptoms of shrewd pep pill respiratory transmission system and alterations in behavioural responses of the kids who received steamer earnestness compared to kids who did non have steam inspiration.The conceptual frame cogitation of the survey was a nursing procedure theoretical account based on the Dorothy Johnson s behaviour system theoretical account. The independent variable of the survey was steam inspiration therapy with Tulsi and the dependent variables were symptoms and behavioural responses of kids.The survey was conducted in a small town with the population of about 1913. The people in the community are of two assemblys based on caste Harijans and Grounders shacking on southern and northern portion of the community severally. A convenient sampling of 25 kids from each base was selected. demographic information and information on order of acute upper respiratory transmittal and behavioural responses were collected from both the groups utilizing an data-based checklist and structured interview agenda.For the observational group steam inspiration with Tulsi was administered for 10 yearss prior to each disposal steam inspiration on every twenty-four hours and after disposal the grade of AURI utilizing experimental checklist and informations on behavioural responses was assessed daily by self study from the female parent during the period of 11 yearss.The take conciliate group continued to employ the application of Vicks and milk with Piper nigrum and Curcuma longa. Data on grade of acute upper respiratory infection and behavioural responses was collected as for the experimental group. The informations were analyzed utilizing descriptive and illative statistics.SUMMARY OF FINDINGSDemographic informationsIn experimental group, bulk of the samples 60 % were in the age group of 13 24 female parents and in control group 60 % of the samples were in the age group of 6 12 female parent, Majority of the samples in experimental group 52 % and 60 % in control group were females. 48 % of the samples in experimental group and 44 % of the samples in control group were male.All the samples 100 % in both the groups were immunized. In the experimental group 48 % of the samples and 44 % in control group had primary degree of instruction 32 % of the samples in experimental group and 36 % in control group had secondary degree of instruction 20 % of the samples in both the group were illiterate.Majority of the samples 64 % in experimental group and 52 % in control group had the income of Rs. 2001 3000 per month and 36 % of the samples in experimental group and 48 % of the samples in control group had the income of Rs. 3001- 4000 per month.Signs and symptoms of acute upper respiratory infectionThe marks observed were fluid nose, sneezing, lacrimation of eyes, pink and glistening mucous membrane of nose, presence of crusts on the olfactory organ, febrility, cough, ruddy and conceited pharynx.The acute upper respiratory infection was assessed in three degree no infection, mild infection and moderate infection. Before intercession, 60 % of the samples had mild grade of infection in experimental group. In control group 84 % of the samples had mild grade of infection and 16 % of the samples had moderate grade of infection. In experimental group on 11th twenty-four hours after intercession all 100 % of the samples had no infection. In the control group 84 % of samples had mild degree infection and 12 % had moderate grade of infection on 11th twenty-four hours.The average mark of grade of infection in experimental group should hold a important decrease after the steam inspiration therapy on 11th twenty-four hours.Behavioral responses of experimental and control groupThe behavioural responses of kids with acute upper respiratory infection were assessed under 2 classs such as physical activity and so cietal activity in three degrees inactive voice, moderate, and extremely active . The behavioural responses assessed were calls of the kid, sleep, jobs in eating, respond to tickle, involvement to play with playthings, smiling, response of the kid when called by name running about, want to be carried by female parent ever, involvement in playing with other kids.Before intercession in the experimental group bulk 69 % of the samples was physically and socially in active, 40 % were samples reasonably active and in control group 50 % of the samples were physically and socially in active and 50 % of the samples were reasonably active. None of the samples in both the group were active.On 11th twenty-four hours in experimental group all the samples 100 % were extremely active and control group 66 % of the samples were in active and 34 % were reasonably active. In the experimental group the mean mark was 0.00 which was less compared to the control group. This shows the matter of steam in spiration therapy that improves the behavioural responses of kids with acute upper respiratory infection.Significant FindingssThere was a important difference in average mark of grade of acute upper respiratory infection of experimental group ( t=21.88, P & A lt 0.05, df-48 ) compared to command group. Hence, the research hypothesis H1was accepted at 0.05 degree of significance.There was a important difference in the average behavioural responses score between the experimental and control group ( t=39.44, df-48, p & A lt 0.05 % ) . Hence, the research hypothesis H2 was accepted at 0.05 degree of significance.There was no important association between the demographic variables and grade of acute respiratory infection.DecisionThe grade of acute upper respiratory infection and behavioural responses is same for both the group before intercession. But, after intercession there was important decrease in experimental group for all mark and symptoms of acute upper respiratory infection where in control group there was no important decrease. There was a important betterment in the behavioural responses in experimental group after intercession and in control group there was no such betterment in the behavioural responses.DeductionNursing PracticeSteam inspiration therapy with Tulsi foliages had an consequence on grade of acute upper respiratory infection and behavioural responses in kids. Nurses as wellness professionals have the double duty of being wellness caution suppliers every bit good as wellness pedagogues.The determination of the survey indicate that all the heath squad members particularly the nurse who works in the community should be cognizant about the effectivity of steam inspiration therapy with Tulsi on acute upper respiratory infection and educate the people to utilize this low cost natural merchandise. Peoples belonging to all strata of society must be encouraged to utilize of Tulsi foliages by making consciousness about the dish up ability, low cost and efficiency of this natural merchandise to diminish the grade of acute upper respiratory infection.Nursing EducationThe findings of the survey stress the consequence of steam inspiration with Tulsi foliages on cut downing the grade of acute upper respiratory infection and the betterment in behavioural responses of kids. This information can be include in the nursing course of study in order to better the wellness position and forestall the complications of respiratory infection in the community.Nursing AdministrationThe consequence showed steam inspiration with Tulsi leaves diminish the grade of acute upper respiratory infection. The nurse as an decision maker should be after and form go oning nursing instruction programmes which are good to the people in the community planning and organisation of such programmes require efficient squad work, be aftering the work force, money, stuff and clip to carry on successful instruction and clip to carry on successful instruction prog rammes.Nursing ResearchThis is merely initial probe to measure the effectivity of steam inspiration with Tulsi on acute upper respiratory infection. There is a demand for intensive research in the country of nursing to render missive service non merely in the infirmary but besides in the community.RecommendationA similar survey can be replicated on a layer population covering an extended community.A survey can be conducted in other countries of Coimbatore metropolis.A similar survey can be conducted in infirmary scene for patient with acute upper respiratory infection.A comparative survey can be conducted between rural and urban scenes.A comparative survey can be conducted between male and female kids with acute upper respiratory infection.

Customer Service Careers Essay

What does Customer Service mean to you? Is it simply taking care of your daily nodes demand? What about the concept that your employees are also your customers? Does that change your outlook on the idea of customer service?This essay will explain the internal customer concepts of human relations. Human relations, in definition, are the skill or ability to work effectively through and with other people. (Lamberton, p.4) As a manager, you affect to understand the needs and wants of your employees. You should confuse an effective training program that is set up with clear guidelines and expectations.Providing feedback during the training and throughout employment is important. This allows for open communication among management and employees. Future goals can be discussed and additional training available to aid them on those journeys. Areas of improvement can also be discussed without singling out the negative. represent moreCustomer Service in Leisure and RecreationIn human rel ations it is very important to know the values instilled by the company. It is also important to help the employees understand and accept the values of others without compromising their personal integrity. (Lamberton, p.114) Communication and compromise are vital in any organization. It is non necessary to disregard your values for someone elses, merely understanding where they are coming from and finding common ground to build on.Youre job in human relations is help bridge those gaps and assist in dealing with those conflicts. Something powerful happens when people see themselves as part of healthy, functional community and have a positive experience of that. (Everett, p.78) Positive attitudes, job satisfaction, high morale, and positive reinforcements are just a few examples of ways to succeed. Involving employees in decisions and setting naturalistic goals will help to improvemotivation as well.Employees need to feel that they matter as individuals, not just a part of the compan y. Managers are crucial in developing mutual respect, self-esteem, and solving conflicts. The better your communication skills are the more likely you are to be successful. Also, being able to maintain a positive attitude increases the morale of your internal customers, or employees.ReferencesEverett, Melissa (2007) Making a Living While Making a Difference Conscious Careers for an while of Interdependence Lamberton, Lowell, Minor, Leslie (2010) Human Relations Strategies for success

America’s First Ladies

The Intrigues and Witticism of Americas first off Ladles Introduction According to many Americans, show term Ladies usually play the normal roles of wives to their husbands, doing the regular activities that wives are supposed to do for their husbands. Such activities, of course, do not include the usual ho drill chores such as doing the slipstream and scrubbing the bathroom. These are left for their trusted maid servants. Apart from ensuring that the electric chairs suits have been nicely pressed, the runner dame will also be expected to accompany her husband during certain state functions of which she is required to.However, as Bill Alder reveals, the White kinfolk Is not Just a place to sit back, relax, everyplacehear TV and Walt for Mr.. President to come back home from a busy day. There are a a couple of(prenominal) secret activities that go on inside and outside the chambers of the White House which would establish a few eyebrows when revealed. The pastime is a rev iew of the book Americas First Ladles Their uncommon Wisdom from Martha capital of the United States to Laura Bush by Bill Alder. It takes a deeper look into how these ladies are perceived by Alder and his in the flesh(predicate) opinions on their witticism and amusing undertakings in the White House.The following Is an Insight of some of Hess ladies lives. Mary Todd capital of Nebraska In the book, Alder pits the wife of Abraham Lincoln as a big spender. When her husband was vying for the top toilet In the country, Mary Todd once whispered to a friend of hers that if Abraham won, he would remain privy to her robes of spending wildly. On the other hand, Mr.. Lincoln would have a hard time to digest the point that his wife Is a spendthrift If he won the presidency (Adler, 2002). During her childhood years, Mary belonged to the aristocracy of Lexington.Her draw with a privileged class increased her love of elaborate and showy attire and accessories. Though she couldnt compensate for cheap clothing and would never have dreamt of getting married to a man who was government agency beneath her class, she somehow fell in love with Abraham Lincoln, a poor man who was raised in a log cabin. As soon as Mrs.. Lincoln set foot inside the White House, she became a fashion symbol and was often under scrutiny by Journalists. She was more often than not criticized over the high be of her dresses.Some media houses sometimes suggested that the state funds used to buy her dresses would have been used to send aid to American soldiers who were dying in the battlefield. By doing so, her spendthrift nature would have been curbed. Her redecorating of the White House raised many eyebrows including those of her husband. Her extravagance and explicit taste of fashion actually made some European fashion designers emulate her. French Empress Eggnine is one of the women who were spotted adorning similar dress designs as Mrs.. Lincoln.Her extravagance was way too much as compared to previous First Ladles and her stay In the White House was a clear indicator of a change in pomp and glamour. Julia Tyler In 1844, John Tyler became the first American president to marry while holding office. He stunned Americans even more by marrying a lady who was thirty years younger than him (Adler, 2002). 21 -year-old Julia Gardener Tyler, another descendant of a stiff family, however proved to the world that despite her tender age, she had to play near role as First Lady. Much like Mary Todd, Alder describes Julia as an explicit extravagant.The First Lady was seen to preside over functions with a high- spirited attitude. Prior to her entrance in the White House, guests used to be received following procedures laid out by the Van Burn administration. But during her time, he totally changed the reception procedures. She alter plumes in her hair as she received guests. In addition, her maids wore white dresses which was a new trend as far as observers were concerned. Accordin g to her, she made all the alterations to revive the White House in clubhouse to please her husband.Using her wit, she believed that President Tyler would gain a lot of satisfaction by watching people approbation his young and vibrant newly wedded wife. Ellen Wilson Not all women who have lived in the White House are full of unprecedented drama. Ellen Saxons Wilson is portrayed by Adler as a calm and composed motherly Oman. Most Americans at that time viewed her as a sweet caring mother. creation a fille of a church minister, her humble and serene background may have played a study role in developing such a character in her.She is also one of the few women who never saw what the big deal was in staying in the White House. She never showed great fanaticism in being the wife of the president of the United States of America. However, Lade shows an arouse side of Ellen. Having known from each one other since they were kids, Ellen and Woodrow Wilson did not shy from showing how m uch they loved and cared for each other. During the course of their romantic relationship, they both are rumored to have exchanged more than 1,000 love letters (Adler, 2002). Despite giving it her all in showing romance to her husband, Ellen also had a soft spot for art.Her love of painting saw her throw up a studio complete with a skylight erected inside the White House. She continued with her pursual unperturbed even after attending the weddings of her two daughters in a span of six months. Hillary Clinton Being among the most learned First Ladies to ever stay in the White House, Hillary Roadman Clinton made her front felt in the most convincing way possible. In her ears as an undergrad, she was a member of the study Honor Society. She also honed her leadership skills back then by being a student leader.By the time her husband, Bill Clinton, clinched power, she had already been appointed to the board of Legal Services Corporation by President Jimmy Carter. After President Cli nton assumed office, she was given another official role of chairing the Task strong point on National Health Care Reform. Despite all these roles, Adler shows how she still tried her best to isotropy between family, work and service. Conclusion The book does a good Job in giving an sharpness into the secret lives of Americas First Ladies. It also reveals the goings-on that many an American are not familiar with.The book mostly contains anecdotes such as the antics of Mary Todd Lincoln. It also does a fantastic Job in exposing how most of the First Ladies were major spendthrifts who did their best to leave a mark in the White House in footing of pomp and color. An example is Julia Tyler who completely revived the reception procedures whenever foreign personalities paid a visit. His extensive use of lengthy speeches can be commended and criticized as well. An example is the reproduction of Hilary Silicons address at Wellesley College. The letter sounds interesting at first but be comes dull soon afterwards.

A modern online university Vision E University Essay

Vision E University is a groundbreaking online university established in 2017. The name was inspired by visualizing the future of University Education, where there is higher use of engine room which eases the education for each students from each around the world. This idea is based on the approach of the technology is listing towards online services, like online shopping, online banking, etc. therefore Vision E University wanted to exit quality online education. Vision E University endures bachelors and masters degree for all majors in the business sector, engineering sector, IT sector, Law sector, and arts sector. Where the university provides an environment that all students bathroom register online through the university website, the students washstand also attend their classes online, added to that examine and provide the reports online. These aspects ease the transportation for the students therefore students from all around the world foot gain their university degr ee online.1. What makes day-dream E-university unique? What makes Vision E-University unique is that it is very flexible there is no limit to the number of students the University can hold therefore everyone in the world can get a chance to gain their university degree. The University is also very flexible with the timings for the students, as they can register and enter the university at any month, every semester go out be three months long. Added to that they can make their schedule based on the timings that suits them as students business leader be from different countries with different timings, plus they can include as many subjects as they can with a maximum of 8 subjects and a minimum of 1 per course, this impart help the students with their funding as they might not be able to afford all subjects at once, and there are no bound years for a student to graduate. This is because Vision E-University aims to provide a chance for quality education for all of the students from all ages and positions, including undergraduates, house wifes, employees and etc. As some people might be embarrass to study in a campus with young students, and might not be able to attend all of the classes on the campus because of other duties. Vision E university provides the solution, as these students will attend online, and they will be where they quality comfortable, and they can take the online courses at the time that suits them.2. Features and characteristicso The three-month course will include online books, and a website was the online courses videos will be uploaded to the student directly based on the subjects they chose. Added to that a schedule will be include containing all deadlines for the projects homework and tests. The University will provide every student with a memory of 1 tuberculosis in the Google-powered cloud called One Drive, as they can save their work and research in it, without acquire and they can access their data on any device. All the assign ments and homeworks and tests will be submitted online.o There will be doctors and professors from all around the world to correct and answer the students online. The Universitys website will include a smart search engine that is connected to all of the courses in the university, where students can ask any question that is included in the books or lectures and the search engine will provide them with all of the data they need. As well as a social link where the students from many cultures can share their experiences and help each other with questions and connect together.o The mission of Vision E University is to shape excellent learning and online research environment, through delivering flexible and effective education for international students. And the vision of the university is to be the leading Online University of providing the best online system and education.

Implementation of Porter Dimond Theory in Beximco

circulate On Implementation of usher rhombus system in Beximco pharmaceuticals Ltd Course Title outside(a) vexation Course CodeBUS-302 Semester Fall(a)12 PREPARED FOR Gouranga Chandra Debnath Senior LECTURER, Dep finessement of Business Administration cogency OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS (DIU) PREPARED BY Esteak Ahmed ID 091-11-809 Contents Chapter 12 Introduction2 Background of the Report2 1. 5 Overview of the ostiarius Diamond Theory4 Chapter 26 2. 2 fast(a) Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry6 2. 3 Demand condition8 2. 4 Factors of Endowments (both basic and advance)10 2. link and backup fabrication12 2. 7 Overall analysis of the follow beat tightd on door guards adamant13 Log Frame14 Chapter 316 finis16 3. 2 Recommendations16 3. 3 References16 Chapter 1 In an endeavor to master and perfect the championship system more se slew has been conducted and many theories has been proposed. International Trade Theory provides explanations for the pattern of international pe ck and the distribution of the gains from trade. In an attempt to master and perfect the trade system many look has been conducted and many theories has been proposed.International Trade Theory provides explanations for the pattern of international trade and the distribution of the gains from trade. Introduction Background of the Report For thousands of old age humans argon involved in trade and always seek to perfect this system. In an attempt to master and perfect the trade system many research has been conducted and many theories has been proposed. International trade theory provides explanations for the pattern of international trade and the distribution of the gains from trade.The theory convinces intimately economists of the benefits of liberal trade. But many non-economists crusade liberal trade. Opp matchlessnts intromit roughly who may have encountered trade theory but nevertheless legislate prey to fallacious reasoning. hall porter diamond theory is an attempt of Professor doorman to rationalise the homely relationship of international trade and former(a) comp anents of a country. App bently pharmaceutical sector is technologically the most developed manufacturing industries in Bangladesh and the third liberalst manufacturing in terms of contribution to g all overnments revenue.Porter Diamond theory can be implemented to a play along of this sector to allot in the prospects, potentials, and problems of this sector. 1. 1 aspire Of The Report The purpose of the report is to implement the porter diamond theory in the Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd play along of Bangladesh and to beneathstand the problems, prospects and potential of this club. 1. 3 Methodology Secondary data ar used to hit the books the implementation of the Porter Diamond Theory. 1. 4 Objective of the study The objectives of this study be- * To find come on whether all the element of Porters diamond ar available in the company. To find come to the fore our compan ys flow rate condition in the commercialise place and withal the opportunities and prospects. * Porter Diamond Theory is the result of an intensive research conducted by Michael Porter and his team on light speed industries of 10 nations. For Porter the essential task was to explain wherefore a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Pharmaceutical industry contributes the 1% of the total GDP of Bangladesh. Porter Diamond Theory is the result of an intensive research conducted by Michael Porter and his team on 100 industries of 10 nations.For Porter the essential task was to explain why a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Pharmaceutical industry contributes the 1% of the total GDP of Bangladesh. To analyze the current situation of the rivals * To discuss the demand condition & customer base 1. 5 Overview of the Porter Diamond Theory Porter Diamond Theory is a creation of Michael Porter of the Harvard Business School. In 199 0 he published the result of an intensive research effort that attempted to tick why some nations succeed and early(a) fail in international completions.Porter and his team looked at 100 industries of 10 nations. Like the work of new trade theorists, Porters work was driven by a effect that the active theories of international theory told the half of the story. For Porter the essential task was to explain why a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Porter argues that four broad attributes bear on or impede the creation of competitive advantage. These attributes are * Factor of Endowments * Demand Condition * Relating and Supportive Industries. * libertine strategy, structure, and rivalry.Porter maintains twain additional variables that can charm international business * Government * Chance 1. 6 Overview of the Pharmaceutical Industry in Bangladesh Pharmaceutical sector is technologically the most developed manufacturing industries in Bangladesh and the third largest industry in terms of contribution to disposals revenue. The industry contributes close 1% of the total GDP. in that location are about 250 licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers in the country however, currently a little over 100 companies are in operation.It is highly concentrated as top 20 companies scram 85% of the revenue. According to IMS, a US-based market research firm, the retail market size is estimated to be around BDT 84 billion as on 2011. Bangladesh pharmaceutical companied focus primarily on branded generic last-place formulations, mostly using moed APIs (Active Pharmaceuticals Ingredient). Branded generics are a category of drugs, including prescription returns, that are either novel dosage forms of off-patent products produced by a manufacturer that is not the originator of the olecule, or a molecule copy of an off-patent product with a trade name. About 85% of the drugs sold in Bangladesh are generics and 15% are patented drugs the structure differs significantly from the international market. Branded generic drugs represent about 25% years. The success of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh can be defined by the Porter Diamond Theory. Bangladesh manufactures about 450 generic drugs for 5,300 registered brands which have 8,300 different forms of dosages and enduringnesss.These include a wide range of products from anti-ulcerates, flour quinolones, anti-rheumatic non-steroid drugs, non-narcotic analgesics, antihistamines, and oral anti-diabetic drugs. nigh larger firms have also started producing anti-cancer and anti-retroviral drugs. Domestic manufacturers account for 97% of the drug take in revenue in the local market while the remaining 3% are imported. This is a complete reversal over from two/three decades back when imports are a complete turnaround over from two/three decades back when imports used to dominate the market.The imported drugs include essential live saving drugs and other high superior dr ugs. The ratio will further increase in advance of the local exertion as some of the big players are poised to manufacture these high quality drugs in-house in the future. 1. 7 Overview of the Company Beximco Pharmaceutical Limited (BPL) is one of the largest pharmaceuticals company in Bangladesh. Beximco Pharma was founded in 1976 and started operations in 1980, manufacturing products under the licenses of Bayer AG of Germany and Upjohn Inc. of USA.It has now grown to become a leading pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh, and it supplies more than 10% of countrys total medicinal needs. Today Beximco Pharma manufactures and markets its own branded generics for some(prenominal) diseases including AIDS, cancer, asthma, hypertension, and diabetes for both national and international markets. The company owns and engrosss modernpharmaceutical factories mainly in Bangladesh and also has a separate division to operate a modern chemical factory which produces and sells basic chemical pr oducts. It also has divisions to produce and sell agro vet and pesticide products.Chapter 2 2. 1 Implementation Of the Theory As we said in advance we studied our company based on Porters diamond which include four inseparable factors which are- 1. Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry 2. Demand conditions 3. Factor Conditions (both basic and advance) 4. Related and Supporting Industries And two external factors which influence the factors mentioned above are- 1. Chance 2. Government 2. 2 Firm Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry Our Position in Bangladesh In Bangladesh in that respect are currently a total of 245 companies out of which 200 have operations in the country.The market is totally dominated by the local companies and there are only 5 multi-nationals currently operating. The 245 companies together have5300 brands registered in Bangladesh. Among this companies BPL is one of the leaderwith almost 8. 4% of the market share. Company (BDT m) Market Size process in 2011 Market Share 2010 2011 SPL Pharmaceuticals 15,725. 8 20. 5% 18. 7% 19. 2% Incepta Pharmaceuticals 7,851. 5 28. 6% 9. 3% 9. 0% Beximco Pharmaceuticals 7,415. 0 30. 5% 8. 8% 8. 4% Opsonin Pharma 4,275. 4 27. 2% 5. 1% 4. % Renata 4,076. 8 26. 1% 4. 9% 4. 8% Eskayef Bangladesh 3,980. 3 18. 9% 4. 7% 4. 9% ACI 3,578. 2 24. 9% 4. 3% 4. 2% Acme Pharmaceutical 3,500. 7 13. 7% 4. 2% 4. 5% Aristopharma 3,412. 8 26. 3% 4. 1% 4. 0% Drug International 3,070. 2 18. 9% 3. 7% 3. 8% Top 10 Companies 56,886. 5 23. 6% 67. 7% 67. 7% Top 20 Companies 71,382. 5 24. 1% 84. 9% 84. 6% Others Companies 12,661. 6 20. 7% 15. 1% 15. 4% Total Sector 84,044. 1 23. 6% Source World money box Table 1 Major Players In the Market . 2(a) Company structure BPL gives highest importance to the principles of Corporate arrangement and its implementation within the organization. In BPL we follow some rules like 1. All new recruits at BPL submit to a mandatory tr aining on Companys Code of Conduct. 2. From the very inception, BPL like the other strategic Business Units (SBU) ofthe Group maintains and upholds HR policies that are consistent with the LaborLaws of the country. 3. BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd leads the Group in instigateing workers freedom of association and their right for collective bargaining. . The Company follows laws and encourages a work environment that welcomes diversity and fresh treatment in the recruiting process and the workplace. 5. BPL encourages diversity and equal employment opportunity in the recruitingprocess and the workplace. 6. The Company pursues policies that proactively address all forms ofdiscriminations in terms of minority, gender and cultural issues. 2. 2(b) Company strategy For years our companys strategy is to capture the maximum share done customersatisfaction by quality product. In words we put our strategies in this way 1.In BPL we value, above all, for top quality wellness explosive charge produ cts at the least cost reaching the lowest rungs of the economic class of people in the country. 2. We are obliged to our shareholders and strive for protection of their capital as wellspring as hold highest return and process of their assets. 3. We try hard for best compensation to all the employees who constitute the back-bone of the management and operational strength of the Company 4. BPL endeavor for best co-operation of the creditors debtors the banks pecuniary institutions, the suppliers of raw material, the providers of utilities-power, gas water etc. nd the customers 5. BPL fulfills her province to the Government by payment of entire range of due taxes, duties, and claim to various public agencies. 6. We strive, as responsibilities citizen, for a social order devoid of malpractices, anti-environmental behaviors, unethical and corruptive dealings. 2. 2. b (1) Long term somatic vision In order to meet increasing demand in the domestic as well as foreign markets, BPL h as undertaken an ambitious expansion program to be completed in two grades. The commencement phase, which is already under way, is brooked to be completed by 2012at a total cost of BDT 3. billion. We hollo a 25% cost overrun for a final cost of BDT 4. 5 billion. The first phase is expected to nearly double the current capacity. The second phase will start in 2014, complementary in 2017 for a total cost of BDT2. 0 billion (including an estimated cost overrun of 25%). We expect the expansion programs contributing to revenue growth after 2012. We made an assumption that the new makes will operate with an 85% efficiency and after the yearof completion, 25% of the capacity will come on direct contrast in each of the following four years. Second phase will also do the same. 2. 2. b(2) pecuniary conditionBPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd (BPL) is one of the two Public Limited Companies of the Group that is listed at the two stock exchanges of Bangladesh. And companys share is considered as Bl ue Chip at both the stock exchanges. BPL Pharmaceuticals is the stand out market leader with a market share of 19. 3%and domestic revenues of BDT 11. 2 billion in the four quarters from April 2009 to March 2010. Because of its dominating presence throughout the country, BPL has enjoyed steady growth in sales volume. Cost of sales as percentage of sales has also been declining gradually over the year, improving gross margin. . 2(c) Domestic Rivals As we said before BPL Pharmaceuticals stands at number three in terms of market share of 8. 4% and domestic revenues of BDT 8,860. 3 MM in the four quarters from April 2009 to March 2010. BPLs nearest competitors are Incepta Pharmaceuticals and SPL Pharmaceuticals with market shares of 8. 5% and 19. 2% respectively. Incepta and SPL had BDT 4. 9 billion and BDT 11 billion in domestic sales for the last fourquarters. Although a number of MNCs are operational in Bangladesh, no MNC is among the top ten in terms of domestic sales.Between two to p rivals we consider BPL to be our arch rival though their market share is almost half compared to ours but here we have tried to find out there position in the market. Heres market study of BPL If we analyze the present market condition of BPL we can clearly see that it is in a good position. 2. 3 Demand condition In Bangladesh we have huge demand for its products. The demand of local market has helped us to build a strong customer base and gave us the strength to go for international market. The huge demand of our market leaded us to produce large volume of product.The medicines we are producing now are given bellow 2. 3(a) Products Category BPL offers a range of pharmaceutical products (400 types of medicine), which include 1. Tablets 2. Capsules 3. Suppositories 4. Injections 5. Liquids 6. Spray, Drops, Ointment, Cream and Powder 7. oral exam Dry Powders. 8. Dry Powder Inhalers 9. Metered Dose Inhalers 2. 3(b) Types of Customer By maintaining the quality we set our price hand s down for the mass population ofBangladesh. We never compromise about our drugs quality thus we acquire the thrust ofour customer. 2. 3(c) impart Market statusBesides Bangladesh demand of international market driven us to supply our product in these markets Europe UK Asia Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Iraq, Macau, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, The Philippines, Vietnam, Yemen Africa Comoros Islands, Eritrea, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania mho America Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala And these are the market under there exploration Asia Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, UAE Africa Algeria, Botswana, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa South America Jamaica, chilli 2. 3(d) CSR activities Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is one of the signatory of UN G lobal Compact in Bangladesh. Our CSR activities helped us to increase our demand. Some examples of ouractivities are BPL moderates globose business community to uphold social issues in businessoperations and being convinced of the benefits which will accrue out of voluntaryadherence to universally recognized social values in transaction of businesses. BPL regularly interacts with the underprivileged segment of the societydirectly or through different NGOs. The Company assists the HIV positive/AIDS patients in gaining better access tomedicine through donation of AIDS medicine to local NGOs. BPL has donated two ambulances to Pabna Municipal Corporation IshwardiMunicipal Corporation for public use. 2. 4 Factors of Endowments (both basic and advance) 2. 4(a) Basic factors Basic factors like natural resources, clime geography demography everything is in ourfavor in Bangladesh to produce and provide quality health worry. . 4 (b) Advance factors condition In the treatment bellow w e tried to describe the advance factors condition of ourcompany at present. 2. 4. b. (1) R and D surgical incision Beximco has a strong reverse engineering. It has made a collaborative research agreement with Ciba Specialty Chemicals of Switzerland in proprietary research. In formulation RD, it focuses principally on developing new formulations, predominantly through reverse engineering. BPL also focuses on simplifying manufacturing processes and improving cost efficiency.Its growing innovation is evident from successful institution of a number of cutting-edge products (for example, Oseltamivir capsules for bird swine flu treatments, ARVs, anti-cancer products etc. ) advanced formulations like multi-layer tablets, sustained electric arc formulations, dispersible tablets, cuttable vitamins etc. With considerable experience in MDI formulations, BPLs RD team has success risey developed a range of CFC-free HFA MDIs. In addition, BPL is also developing a number of APIs to ensure avail ability of raw materials across the range of therapeutic classes.Beximco Pharma has also signed agreements for collaborative research with leading international API manufacturers to strengthen its API pipeline in order to fully capitalize the WTO patent opportunity. 2. 4. b(2) gracious recourse Strategic Human Resource Development Programs are the energy sources for BPLHR for running towards the peak of success. BPL employs more than 2,400 staff, including over 300 qualified professionals much(prenominal) as pharmacists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, doctors etc. BPL is the third largest pharmaceutical manufacturing company in Bangladesh with net sales of BDT 4. 7 million, according to the 2009 annual report. We see in company growth by increasing efficiency level ofemployees and for that offering excellent environment and support for skill and knowledge up gradation. Our HR department ensures the strong supporting role to develop & implement HR policy guidelines for ensu ring unbroken operation and spontaneous participation to achieve organizational objective as well as fulfilment of employee needs. maintain an effective way to deal with labor union and still no unrest has been enter as dispute. 2. 4. b(3) Raw materialsWe are proud to say that we are capable of producing raw materials for our own medicines. Some info about our firms capability of production is given bellow (a) API unit accomplished in 1992 and commercial production started in 1995. It is presently the largest quality-bulk drugs manufacturer in the country producing international shopworn bulk pharmaceuticals to satisfy more than hundred pharmaceutical companies throughout the country. b) Factory makes BPL Pharmaceuticals has invested in state of the art formulation plants aligned to regulated market standards.Four plants based on the Dhaka site can producepharmaceutical products to the highest GMP specifications. These four plants are General plant (approved by MHRA) Cephalo sporin plant (quality systems aligned to MHRA requirements, plant beingprepared for EU regulatory agencies and FDA inspections) BFS plant (quality systems aligned to MHRA requirements, plant being prepared for EU regulatory agencies and FDA inspections) Biotech (insulin) plant under construction These plants have been designed by internationally recognized firms and weaponed with the best machines that can currently be found on the European and US markets.BPL Pharmaceuticals has also created quality systems and SOPs according to FDA and EU regulatory agencies specifications 2. 4. b(4) Distribution system It has one of the largest distribution channels in the pharmaceutical industry. The sales force of Beximco, led by a large number of medical representatives, is one of the most aggressive among all local manufacturers. This ensures that BPLs products always have a considerably large outreach. 2. 4. b (5) Technology Beximco Pharma has always been a broach in adopting innovative t echnologies that introduced both sophistication and scale in the business processes.The companys focus on technology is intended to take the company to a standard which would match with other top global generic pharma companies. BPL is the pioneer company from Bangladesh in introducing technology driven (specialty) products in local and international markets. Such specialty products include Inhalation aerosols, including Ozone-benign HFA MDIs Suppositories Nasal sprays Beximco Pharma has shown its capability in the past by installing state-of-the-art MDI plant and IV fluid plant in collaboration with Pamasol, Switzerland and Pharmaplan, Germany, a sister concern of Fresenius AG, Germany. 2. Related and supporting industry Related and supporting industries like Hospitals and health centers Healthcareprofessionals Insurance and public health bodies sell pharmacies and stores diagnosticcenters etc are available to support our business firm. In 2006 the total number of hospitals in Bangladesh was 1683. Of these 1683 hospitals, 678 were government hospitals and 1005 were non-governmental 2. 6 The condition of two external factors Chance and Government BPL have fair to middling chance and government support throughout our company life. Theprove of it is the rate of our market share and growth in our country.Though we have some restriction from government about the advertising of our medicine in the media but except that we have our governments full support where we need it. 2. 7 Overall analysis of the company position based on porters diamond Why Beximco Pharma is doing well ? The answer lies in the Porters diamond as we can see from our report the entire element that make a successful industries are there in the market. It has strong supporting industries that help us to stay firmly in its feet. It has got all the factors endowment both basic and advanced.It got a study demand and customer base. And last but not the list its strategies structure is strong en ough to submit out rivals bluntly. Though we know BPL got strong rivalry in the market but the pace they are moving we know we are strong enough to any kind threat no matter from where its coming from. Factors of Endowments (both basic and advanced) Factors of Endowments (both basic and advanced) Related and Supporting Industries Related and Supporting Industries Demand conditions Demand conditions Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry Firm Strategy, Structure, and RivalryLog Frame discourse Logic Objectively verifiable indicators Source of Verification Factors of Endowments-Basic Factors-Advanced Factors -communication Distribution System -Skill Labor Human Resource-Research -RnD-Technology -Availability ofNatural resources, climate geography demography is in favor. It has one of the biggest distribution systems in Bangladesh. 2,400 staff, including over 300 qualified professionals such as pharmacists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, doctors etc. Oseltamivir capsules for b ird swine flu treatments, ARVs, anti-cancer products etc. advanced formulations like multi-layer tablets, sustained release formulations, dispersible tablets, chewable vitamins etc. Inhalation aerosols, including Ozone benign HFA MDIs Suppositories Nasal sprays-Installing state-of-the-art MDI plant and IV fluid plant in collaboration with Pamasol, Switzerland and Pharmaplan, Germany, a sister concern of Fresenius AG, Germany. World BankAnnual Report 2011Annual Report 2011Annual Report 2011Annual Report 2011 Firm Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry-Structure-Strategy-Rivalry Corporate Governance -mandatory training on Companys Code of Conduct. BPL like the other Strategic Business Units (SBU-collective bargaining. -diversity and fair treatment in the recruiting process -diversity and equal employment opportunity-Top quality health care products at the least cost reaching the lowest rungs -Highest return and growth of shareholders assets. -Best compensation to all the employees. -Be st co-operation of the creditors debtors the banks financial institutions. -Supporting the Government through payment of entire range of due taxes, duties, and claim to various public agencies-Rivalry among existing firms is intense. Incepta Pharmaceuticals and SPL Pharmaceuticals with market shares of 8. 5% and 19. 2% respectively. Annual Report 2011World Bank Demand Condition -Huge demand of local market -large volume of product -Range of pharmaceutical products and 400 types of medicine. -Maintaining the quality setting the price conveniently. Exports Europe UKAsia, Africa, South America World Bank Related And Supportive Industries In 2006 the total number of hospitals in Bangladesh was 1683. Of these 1683 hospitals, 678 were government hospitals and 1005 were non-governmental. Wikipedia Chapter 3 Conclusion BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd, as part of a progressive business group, believes that the advancement of good health occurs not only through the innovation, production and distri bution of its products, but also through the creation and deliverance of a healthy environment. Transparency is a core value of BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd and otherSBUs of the Group and is strictly followed at every step of the business process. BPL Pharmaceuticals Limited has extended her range of services towards the highway of global market.We believe the way we are leading towards our goal soon we will be known as one of the top leading pharmaceutical company on the world 3. 2 Recommendations After analyze the social unit report we can recommend that We have to give more emphasis on the technological support to compete in global market because after 2016 the TRIPS agreement will expire. Should pursue the government to completed export cell to promote export ofpharmaceuticals to grab and capitalized the huge export opportunity in LDCs. RD activities of the company have to be improved if it wants to compete with global players. Patent Law, which is valid up to 2016 for Least D eveloped Countries like Bangladesh. After 2016 the advantage enjoyed by Bangladesh will evaporate so to face that condition we have to prepare our selves. Though we have our own API plant still we have to import the API equipmentsbut we should try to produce our own API requirement. 3. 3 References We used these references to prepare our study International Business by Charles W. L. Hill www. BPLpharma. com. bd www. beximco pharma . com .World bank